From Industry 4.0 To Industry 5.0: The Role of Green HRM, Hybrid Work Systems, And Ethical Ai Governance in Achieving Sustainable Organizational Performance in Saudi Arabia’s Pilgrim Facilitation Sector

Abstract

This study looks at how companies in Saudi Arabia that help pilgrims and tourists can perform better by going green and using smart technology. We focused on private firms in the Kingdom and asked 280 employees how they manage their teams and tech. The results are quite clear. When these companies use "Green HRM", which basically means training staff to care about the environment, they see a big jump in their overall sustainability. We also found that hybrid work models aren't just a trend; they actually help these firms stay resilient and eco-friendly by being more flexible. On top of that, using AI in an ethical way makes a huge difference. If the software used for logistics or crowd control is fair and transparent, the whole organization runs better. Essentially, if a firm wants to succeed today, it can't just focus on money. It needs to balance its people, its remote work setups, and its digital ethics all at once. By doing this, these Saudi firms are moving toward a more human-centered and sustainable future, perfectly hitting the goals of the transition from Industry 4.0 to 5.0.